We used descriptive statistics to analyze the variables and performed univariate analyses. Intervention was a public health response as part of activities of Cayenne Hospital. All gold miners gave their verbal informed consent for recording and processing of information during interviews and for the use of their biologic results for research purposes, and physicians completed a nonobjection form in accordance with laws of France.
Miners lived onsite in separate rooms but shared face-to-face meals and machine cabins. They also worked outside without masks. Twenty-one workers reported contacts outside the mining site during the previous 2 weeks.
The first symptomatic cases occurred on May 29 among 3 machine operators and 1 miner. Their antigen tests and PCR results were positive on June 2. The peak of the outbreak occurred 2 days after the early cases, on May 31 Figure. Five asymptomatic miners who tested negative moved to a separate open housing for quarantine.
Among them, 4 became symptomatic during June 6—8 and tested positive on June 8. The overall attack rate was The variant of concern VOC gamma P. Patient 40 could be the index case-patient; he reported visiting his family the previous week and had an asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection with C t of 33— Several BNTb2 batch numbers were involved. No other factors were found to be associated with the risk for infection. Twelve We performed serologic testing a median of 4 interquartile range [IQR] 2—5.
However, other VOC, such as Beta or Gamma, harbor mutations conferring potential escape from humoral response induced either by prior infection or vaccination, as proven by both decreased seroneutralization in vitro 5 — 7 and in vivo by observational studies in the case of the Beta variant 8 , 9. However, such breakthrough infections, even those caused by Beta variant, remain rare in fully vaccinated populations and are mostly asymptomatic or moderately symptomatic 8 — The Gamma variant is the predominant variant in French Guiana which, as of July , caused a third epidemic wave, threatening to overwhelm the hospital capacity Of the 10, COVID vaccine breakthrough infections identified in the United States during January—April , for which had available sequencing, only 28 were caused by the Gamma variant Furthermore, real-world effectiveness against any infection by a Beta variant, which shares a similar EK mutation on the gene coding for the spike protein, was estimated at Given the surprisingly high attack rate, we hypothesized potential dysfunctions of conservation or administration of vaccines, but the absence of traceable cold-chain interruption and the use of different batches seemed to refute this hypothesis.
The relative isolation of the mining site and careful contact tracing suggested limited numbers of viral introductions inside this community. The working conditions of some miners heat, humidity, aerosol and the sharing of machine cabs for others could also have contributed to transmission.
The absence of severe COVID in a high-risk population 13 suggests but does not prove protection against severe disease, as reported for the Beta variant in another context However, this single unexpected outbreak in a small and isolated vaccinated population requires further real-life studies on BNTb2 vaccine effectiveness against the VOC Gamma.
Masking and social distancing, even among those fully vaccinated, may be necessary among persons with frequent exposure in Gamma variant—endemic zones. His primary research interests include tropical medicine, migrant health, and social epidemiology. His primary research interests include tropical disease and skin infections. Moreover, we thank the mine manager and all his employees for their help in the investigation of this cluster. Table of Contents — Volume 27, Number 10—October Please use the form below to submit correspondence to the authors or contact them at the following address:.
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